Author Archive

EU Machinery Regulation 2027: How to ensure your technical documentation complies with regulations

Posted on: September 16th, 2026 by Frank Wöhrle No Comments

The world of mechanical engineering is becoming ever more digital, ever smarter and ever more connected. However, as technology advances, so too does regulatory responsibility. With the new EU Machinery Regulation (EU) 2023/1230, which comes into force on 20 January 2027, the industry is facing a significant upheaval.

The old Machinery Directive is being replaced by a regulation that will be directly applicable. This means that the rules will be uniform across all EU Member States and leave no room for interpretation from country to country. For manufacturers, this means one thing above all else: The demands placed on technical documentation and communication with users are increasing dramatically.

Why the EU Machinery Regulation 2027 is a game-changer

The new regulation is a response to the digital age. Whilst the focus used to be primarily on mechanical safety, the emphasis is now shifting to software safety features, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and cybersecurity.

Anyone wanting to place their machinery on the market in the EU must comply with the requirements in order to obtain the CE marking. One key issue here is the technical documentation. If the instruction manual is incomplete, unclear or written in the wrong language, this not only jeopardises certification but also significantly increases the manufacturer’s liability risk in the event of an accident.

The challenge: When language becomes a barrier to safety

A key aspect of the Machinery Regulation is the requirement that instructions must be “easily understood”. We are seeing a clear trend in this regard: Moving away from purely technical jargon towards user-centred communication – known as user experience (UX) writing.

Furthermore, the language barrier remains: Instructions must be provided in the official language of the country of use. In a globalised supply chain, translation is often the “end of the line” before entry onto the market. An error in a warning message could result in physical injury in such cases.

Terminology update: New terms, new risks

Implementing the new Machinery Regulation requires more than just a linguistic translation; It requires an update to terminology. Terms that used to be vague are now clearly defined in legal terms. Anyone who fails to use these consistently across all languages risks compliance breaches.

A striking example is the “substantial modification”. The Regulation defines precisely when a modification to an existing machine is so extensive that the machine is legally regarded as “new”. Anyone who makes a “substantial modification” to a machine becomes, in legal terms, the manufacturer themselves. This means that this person or company must carry out the entire conformity assessment process again, create the technical documentation and affix the CE marking. This poses a massive liability risk for operators and retrofit partners.

Further critical adjustments to the terminology include:

  • “Digital instruction manuals”: For the first time, the Machinery Regulation explicitly sets out the conditions under which instructions may be provided in purely digital format. In this context, a clear distinction must be made between the terms “available”, “accessible” and “provided” in order to meet the legal requirements regarding availability.
  • “Safety components” in the context of AI: With the integration of AI systems, the terminology used for safety functions is changing. Terms relating to “human oversight” must be precisely defined so that the person operating the machinery knows exactly when they need to override the AI control system.

This is how STAR Deutschland supports you on your journey to compliance

The requirements of the Machinery Regulation are complex, but with the right strategy, they can be dealt with efficiently. As a certified language service provider with a global network, we support you in the digital and linguistic transformation of your documentation.

1. Technical writing and UX writing

We revise your existing manuals and create new documentation strategies that meet the requirements for the texts to be “easily understood”. We incorporate software and cybersecurity aspects precisely into your texts. The Machinery Regulation explicitly stipulates that safety functions must not be compromised by cyber attacks or software faults. This must be substantiated in the documentation by means of appropriate risk analyses and supporting evidence.

2. Professional translation and localisation

Thanks to our many offices worldwide and our network of native speakers, we guarantee that your documentation is not only grammatically correct, but also legally and culturally appropriate for every target market. We ensure that key terms such as “substantial modification” are used consistently across the globe.

3. Digital transformation and STARpilot

The move from paper to compliant digital solutions is a major step. With our secure AI platform STARpilot we optimise the creation of your documentation. In doing so, we guarantee that your sensitive business data remains protected and that the AI-assisted creation process complies with the EU’s transparency requirements.

Your first step: The Machinery Regulation quick check service

The deadline of January 2027 is just around the corner. To avoid running out of time, we recommend carrying out an analysis at an early stage using our cost-effective quick check service, “Machinery Regulation 2027: Is your technical documentation ready?” We check your operating manuals, safety warnings and multilingual strategies. You will receive a clear assessment and a prioritised roadmap for the necessary adjustments.

FAQs about the EU Machinery Regulation 2027

From when must I apply the new Machinery Regulation?
The Regulation will come into force on 20 January 2027. Machinery placed on the market after this date must comply with the new requirements.

Is it enough simply to translate my old instructions into the target languages?
In most cases, no. As the Machinery Regulation establishes new requirements in terms of content (AI, cybersecurity) and format (digital provision), technical writers often need to revise the content before translation takes place.

What happens if my documentation is not compliant?
In the worst-case scenario, the CE marking may be withdrawn, which would result in an immediate halt to sales within the EU. Furthermore, in the event of an accident, the manufacturer’s liability risk increases if safety warnings were not sufficiently understandable.

 

We can help you ensure your documentation is future-proof and compliant – simply get in touch.

Linguistic diversity in India: The key to your market success

Posted on: August 26th, 2026 by Frank Wöhrle No Comments

India has long been more than just an exotic holiday destination – it is one of the world’s fastest-growing economies and a strategic partner for German companies. With an enormous, young population and a rapidly growing middle class, the Indian market offers tremendous opportunities for exporters, tech companies and service providers. However, anyone wishing to succeed in this dynamic environment must accept a fundamental reality: from a linguistic point of view, India is more comparable to a continent than to a single country.

With over 120 main languages and hundreds of dialects, its linguistic landscape is one of the most complex in the world. For businesses, this presents a key strategic challenge: simply translating a text into English or Hindi is far from sufficient to effectively penetrate the various regional markets and build genuine brand loyalty.

A rich mosaic of languages and cultures

The Indian Constitution recognises 22 official “Scheduled Languages”. Whilst Hindi and English serve as the official languages of the central government and often act as link languages in administration, education and business, the regional reality is far more nuanced. Every language in India is not merely a means of communication, but a way to convey history, tradition and a specific cultural identity.

In the north and centre, Hindi is the dominant language. It is spoken by around 600 million people and is based on the Devanagari script. But travelling eastwards takes us into the world of Bengali – a language of immense literary significance, embodied by figures such as Rabindranath Tagore. With almost 300 million speakers worldwide, Bengali is far more than a regional language; it is a cultural force to be reckoned with and provides access to a significant economic region.

The richness of classical languages – from Tamil to Sanskrit

Communication becomes particularly challenging when crossing the boundaries between language families. Whilst Hindi and Bengali belong to the Indo-Aryan branch, in the south we find the Dravidian languages, foremost among them Tamil. With a literary history stretching back over 2,000 years, including the philosophical masterpiece Thirukkural, Tamil is one of the oldest classical languages in the world. Within this language we encounter a completely different script and a deeply rooted cultural identity. In South Indian technological hubs such as Bangalore or Chennai, there is an extremely high regard for the local language – precise localisation is often a prerequisite for foreign products to be accepted here.

Sanskrit looms large over all these modern languages. As one of the oldest documented languages in the world and the basis for many modern Indian languages, Sanskrit remains present to this day in religious, academic and cultural contexts. The philosophical depth of the Vedas and Upanishads demonstrates that language in India is inextricably linked to spirituality, science and the social value system.

Why “standard translation” fails in India

For global brands, it is imperative to realise that a “one-size-fits-all” approach poses a financial risk in India. The businesses who rely solely on English or Hindi are ignoring millions of potential customers who define their identity and consumer behaviour primarily through their regional language. At a time when the Digital India initiative is reaching even rural areas, communication in local languages is becoming a decisive competitive advantage.

This is where STAR Deutschland’s expertise comes into play. We understand that genuine communication in India requires transcreation. It is not about merely replacing words, but about adapting concepts to the target culture. A marketing slogan that works in New Delhi may be perceived completely differently in Chennai or Kolkata.

Through our global network and our offices in Asian countries, we work with native speakers who not only have a command of grammar but also understand the subtle nuances, social etiquette and regional characteristics needed to succeed on the market. Whether it’s technical documentation, software localisation or multilingual SEO – we bridge the gap between your business objectives and the complex linguistic reality of India.

FAQs: “Talking” with India – what rules do I need to consider?

  • Which language is the most important for the Indian market?
    There isn’t one most important language. Although English is essential for B2B business and Hindi has the widest reach in the north, regional languages such as Tamil, Telugu, Bengali and Marathi are crucial for the mass market (B2C) in order to build trust and brand loyalty.
 
  • What is the difference between translation and localisation in the context of India?
    Translation involves converting text from language A into language B. Localisation involves adapting the content to the cultural, legal and social realities of a region. In India, for example, this means adapting visual language, colours and cultural references so as not only to be understood, but also to be relevant.
 
  • Is Hindi sufficient for all regions in India?
    In a word, no. In southern India, in particular, linguistic identity is extremely strong. The use of regional languages is often preferred in the south and is a sign of respect for the local culture, which has a direct positive impact on business relationships
 

India is one of the most exciting target markets of our time. However, economic success depends largely on how well you speak your customers’ language – in the truest sense of the word. Cultural understanding and linguistic precision are not just a ‘nice-to-have’ in this market, but a strategic factor for success.

We can support you in conveying your message precisely and in a culturally appropriate manner in all relevant Indian languages, thereby helping you to increase your market share in the long term.

Get in touch and let’s work together to optimise your global communication strategy for India.

Secure AI platform for technical writing: Create technical documentation reliably and efficiently with STARpilot

Posted on: July 16th, 2026 by Frank Wöhrle No Comments

Digitalisation and the rise of AI are transforming information management in companies at a rapid pace.

The pressure is particularly high when it comes to technical writing: Complex machinery, software and plant require documentation that is increasingly precise, clear and legally compliant. At the same time, business want to shorten time-to-market and reduce translation costs.

It is precisely against this backdrop that STAR Deutschland comes into its own with STARpilot – a bespoke, secure AI platform that supports writing teams specifically in meeting the requirements of technical documentation and multilingual corporate communications, without the need for costly and time-consuming integration into existing systems.

But how can AI be incorporated into technical documentation without being integrated into the system landscape, whilst combining generative functions with corporate knowledge?

 

The dilemma facing conventional AI tools in industry

Anyone who has ever used freely available AI tools to create technical texts is aware of the risks:

  • Lack of data protection: Sensitive product data and company-specific trade secrets often find their way, unfiltered, into the training data of public LLMs and their providers.
  • Hallucinations: AI systems have a tendency to generate statements that sound plausible but are factually incorrect, including producing inaccurate safety instructions, particularly when they cannot access any corporate knowledge or terminology.
  • Liability risks: From a legal point of view, technical documentation is considered part of the product. Inaccurate instructions can lead to colossal liability claims and damage to a company’s reputation. In such circumstances, it’s not the AI or the AI manufacturer that is liable – rather, it’s the company.

STARpilot as an AI solution for technical writing

STARpilot combines generative AI with corporate expertise. As a dedicated AI platform for technical writing, the system combines the power of generative language models with the reliability and data sovereignty that are important to your company, and generates responses based solely on your corporate knowledge and documentation.

 

Uncompromising data security (SaaS and on-premises)

Security is our top priority. STARpilot is hosted exclusively within a secure IT infrastructure or by certified partners in Germany, and is based on the strict requirements of ISO 27001 and GDPR. Moreover, your data will not be used for model training, and there are no external API dependencies whatsoever.

Companies have ultimate freedom when it comes to pricing and operating models:

  • Software as a Service (SaaS): Quick to set up, flexibly scalable and requiring no in-house IT effort
  • Usage-based: Ideal for project-based solutions integrated into your systems and connected to your interfaces
  • On-premises: An option for companies with extremely stringent regulatory requirements, where no data is permitted to leave their own corporate network

Greater efficiency in day-to-day technical writing work

Thanks to STARpilot, writing teams can significantly streamline their processes:

  • Faster searches thanks to AI-powered queries
  • Automated creation and structuring of content
  • Centralised access to corporate knowledge for various teams

In addition, specialised AI agents – for example, for technical writing, terminology or compliance – provide targeted support with typical tasks and ensure consistent, high-quality documentation.

To get you going straight away, certain AI agents have already been pre-configured and, in consultation with you, will be optimised to meet your requirements when the system is launched:

  • Technical writing agent: Creates drafts, generates variants, structures content and checks quality
  • Metadata agent: Extracts, structures and transforms metadata in accordance with standards such as iiRDS
  • Terminology agent: Checks technical terminology, suggests correct terms and defines lists
  • Support agent: Analyses queries, provides immediate responses and offers support across multiple languages
  • Compliance agent: Carries out document checks, assesses standards and supports regulatory requirements
     

However, the final validation, contextual review and quality control always remain the responsibility of a human expert. This delivers measurable efficiency gains whilst maintaining full legal certainty.

 

Why STARpilot is better than a public AI tool

CriterionPublic AISTARpilot
Data protectionLimitedHigh
Corporate knowledgeUsually notYes
TerminologyGenericCustomised
Technical documentationGeneralSpecialised
Hosting in GermanyRarelyYes

Frequently asked questions about using AI for technical writing

Can AI produce technical documentation?

  • AI can generate drafts of technical documentation, operating manuals and service information. Technical writers will continue to be responsible for reviewing and validating the content.
     

What benefits does AI offer in technical writing?

  • AI speeds up research, text creation, terminology checking and knowledge management. This makes it possible to configure documentation processes more efficiently.
     

Is AI safe and secure when it comes to generating technical documentation?

  • Only if the solution guarantees data protection, access control and data sovereignty. STARpilot operates in a secure environment and does not use corporate data to train public models.
     

How can AI access corporate knowledge?

  • It can be accessed via document-based knowledge databases and retrieval mechanisms that provide relevant information and reduce hallucinations.

 

Enjoy a 10-day free trial of STARpilot today and book an appointment with

19th place in the Nimdzi 100 Ranking 2026 – Top ranking in the global language services market for the STAR Group

Posted on: July 2nd, 2026 by Frank Wöhrle No Comments

STAR Group is officially among the top 20 in the global industry! In the latest Nimdzi 100 Ranking 2026, STAR Group is ranked 19th. This underlines our position as one of the leading providers of language services in global demand.

Focus on specific sectors

The ranking particularly highlights our expertise in the areas of translation, localisation and platform licences, as well as our sector specialisations in the automotive, aviation and manufacturing sectors.

Global success through specialised solutions

This ranking reflects the strength and diversity of our global team – whether it’s implementing global e-learning localisation, creative transcreation or smart information management, the STAR Group is always there to support its clients as a competent partner. We set the standard across the language services industry and place a clear focus on complex technical requirements.

Are you looking for a top language service provider and system supplier as a partner for your translation projects?
We can help you – simply get in touch.

2026 Three-Country Conference: “Think Tank: Lost in Transformation”

Posted on: June 22nd, 2026 by Frank Wöhrle No Comments

tekom Germany and tecom Switzerland invite you to the Three-Country Conference ““Lost in Transformation – Transformative Kompetenzen nutzen: interaktiv, integriert und innovativ” (“Lost in Transformation – Harnessing Transformative Skills: Interactive, Integrated and Innovative”). On 26 June 2026, from 08:00 to 19:00, experts will gather at the ZHAW in Winterthur to discuss how technical writing teams can successfully navigate change.

H2: Interactive workshops at ZHAW Winterthur

The event will take place at ZHAW Winterthur. In interactive workshops, participants will reflect on and jointly develop new approaches to transformation. The aim is to gain fresh perspectives and practical ideas through interdisciplinary exchange.

H2: STAR as a sponsor and discussion partner

As a sponsor, STAR actively supports the dialogue. Julian Hamm and René Feuchtinger will be on hand for engaging technical discussions. The event is exclusively for tekom/tecom members.

Register now at rg-stuttgart@tekom-webforum.de

AI Workshop on Prompt Engineering

Posted on: June 19th, 2026 by Frank Wöhrle No Comments

Under the title “Co-Pilot KI: Vom Prompt Engineering zum smarten Assistenten” (“Co-Pilot AI: From Prompt Engineering to Smart Assistants”), the tekom Stuttgart Regional Group invites you to an exclusive workshop (held in German language) with language technology consultant Julian Hamm from STAR Deutschland.

On 2 July 2026, from 4.30 pm to 7.00 pm, participants will be introduced to the world of prompt engineering at the Technische Akademie Esslingen e.V.

Practical insights into AI assistants for language processes

Large language models such as ChatGPT or Gemini often appear to be all-round solutions, but creating truly useful AI assistants requires targeted strategies. In this workshop, you will learn how to use the right prompts and structured datasets to create and customise AI assistants specifically for core tasks in language and translation processes.

Participants develop their own use cases

Following a brief introduction to the technical background of modern machine learning solutions, the key fundamentals for working with generative AI will be covered. The focus is on what is known as prompt engineering, as well as the appropriate preparation and provision of source and reference data for the models.

Using three practical use cases, the group will work together to develop strategies for creating AI assistants in the areas of text generation, terminology management and quality assurance. The practical part is rounded off by a slot of approximately 30 minutes, during which participants can present their own use cases in small groups and discuss their technical implementation. The workshop is aimed at participants from the fields of technical documentation, marketing and translation management, as well as translators who wish to integrate AI solutions efficiently and sustainably into their day-to-day work.

Registration link: Event RG Stuttgart

Chinese Advertising Law: What companies need to bear in mind when translating for the Chinese market

Posted on: June 16th, 2026 by Frank Wöhrle No Comments

For many companies around the globe, China is one of the most important export markets. However, what works perfectly well in the Anglosphere and beyond can pose legal risks in China. Advertising copy, product descriptions, website content and social media campaigns, in particular, must comply with Chinese requirements.
 

What is the Chinese Advertising Law?

The Chinese Advertising Law sets out what advertising claims companies are permitted to make to consumers and what content is considered misleading or unlawful.

The aim of the law is to protect consumers from:

  • misleading advertising claims
  • unverifiable claims
  • unfair competitive advantages
  • hidden advertising
 

For international companies, this means that marketing copy often needs to be adapted before it is launched on the Chinese market.
 

Superlatives and claims of uniqueness? Proceed with caution…

One particularly well-known aspect of Chinese Advertising Law concerns ‘absolute’ advertising claims.

Phrases such as:

  • “the best”
  • “world leader”
  • “number 1”
  • “top quality”
  • “unbeatable”
  • “market-leading”
 

can be problematic if they cannot be clearly substantiated.

Whilst such statements are pretty commonplace in Western marketing campaigns, the Chinese authorities scrutinise this sort of wording much more closely.

When it comes to translation projects, this means that not every advertising claim should be translated word for word into Chinese. It is often more sensible to render the advertising message using legally compliant phrasing than to provide a more direct translation.
 

Practical examples

Case 1 – Problematic advertising using superlatives

A German car manufacturer promoted its vehicles in China with the slogan “at the very highest level”. This was classified by the Chinese authorities as an impermissible absolute advertising claim and resulted in a fine of ¥600,000 (approx. €76,000). In China, any such performance claim must always be verifiable – simply translating Western marketing messages word for word is not an option.

Case 2 – Improper use of the Chinese national flag

One particularly sensitive issue concerns the use of national symbols. An international technology group used an illustration on its Chinese website that featured elements of the Chinese national flag. This led to a complaint by a competitor. The consequence? Despite this slip-up being entirely unintentional, the website was taken offline for six months – a disaster for the business in one of its key markets.

Although this sort of breach is often overlooked, it can prove extremely costly if it is challenged. Article 9.1 of the Chinese Advertising Law expressly prohibits the overt or covert use of the national flag, the national anthem or the coat of arms of the People’s Republic of China.

The legal consequences could be even more severe: In the event of serious breaches, fines of up to ¥2 million (approx. €256,000) may be imposed; in extreme cases, the business licence may even be revoked.
 

New rules for online advertising since 2023

The digitalisation of the Chinese market has led to tighter regulation of online advertising. The new “Measures for the Administration of Internet Advertising” issued by the Chinese State Administration for Market Supervision (SAMR) have been in force since 1st May 2023.

The following are particularly affected:

  • Company websites
  • Search engine advertising
  • Social media campaigns
  • E-commerce platforms
  • Mobile apps
  • Influencer marketing
  • Live-stream commerce
 

Advertising content must be clearly identifiable to users. Hidden forms of advertising and disguised product placement are increasingly coming under scrutiny from the authorities.

For businesses, this means that translated landing pages, product pages and social media content must also meet local requirements.
 

AI generated: Multiple people analyzing digital content and labeling on a multi-monitor workstation as part of monitoring and verifying advertising compliance in an international context.

Influencer marketing and KOL campaigns under scrutiny

China is one of the world’s largest markets for influencer marketing. Key Opinion Leaders (KOLs) and Key Opinion Consumers (KOCs) play a key role in purchasing decisions.

At the same time, regulatory requirements have become more stringent.

Advertising content must be clearly identifiable as advertising. This applies in particular to:

  • Product recommendations
  • Testimonials
  • Product reviews
  • Live-stream presentations
  • Affiliate campaigns
 

Businesses should therefore ensure that not only the translation but also the legal drafting of such content is reviewed.
 

What role does translation play?

Many breaches of the Chinese Advertising Law are not a result of malicious intent, but from sticking too closely to the phrasing of the original Western marketing texts.

Typical examples:

Original marketing textPotential challenge in China
“…a market leader in Europe…”Burden of proof
“…offers top quality…”Problematic superlative
“…the world’s only…”Absolute advertising claim
“…guaranteed to be the best solution…”Performance promise that is hard to substantiate
“…100% safe…”Risky statement

Professional localisation takes these risks into account right from the start of the translation process.

This helps to avoid alterations, legal disputes or costly corrections down the line.
 

Why localisation is more important than ‘standard’ translation

The Chinese market demands more than just a literal translation of content.

Successful localisation takes the following into account:

  • Cultural expectations of Chinese target audiences
  • Local communication styles
  • Search engine optimisation for the Chinese market
  • Industry-specific terminology
  • Regulatory requirements such as the Chinese Advertising Law
 

This can make all the difference to market success, particularly when it comes to websites, product catalogues, brochures and online marketing materials.
 

Our recommendations for entering the Chinese market

Before using marketing materials for the Chinese market, be sure to have them reviewed by experts with in-depth knowledge of Chinese Advertising Law.
Particular caution is required when it comes to AI-assisted or fully automated translations. Especially when translating German or English advertising copy into Chinese word for word, there is a high risk of breaching Chinese advertising law, which can lead to serious consequences.
A professional transcreation or localisation – a culturally sensitive adaptation rather than a literal translation – can prevent costly legal disputes and damage to your reputation.

At STAR Deutschland, we have a network of native speakers with specialist expertise in Chinese Advertising Law. Our colleagues based in China are familiar with the current regulations and can ensure that your message is legally compliant and culturally appropriate.

Would you like to find out more about legally compliant communication for the Chinese market? Get in touch to receive tailored advice.

Terminology management for AI-assisted translations: Ensuring consistency and quality

Posted on: May 28th, 2026 by Frank Wöhrle No Comments

AI-assisted translation systems offer impressive opportunities to speed up multilingual processes – but their effectiveness depends crucially on carefully considered terminology management. Only by systematically managing specialist terminology can a company fully harness the potential of AI whilst preserving its brand’s linguistic identity.

What is terminology management?

Definition:

Terminology management is the systematic compiling, maintenance and use of technical terms to ensure consistent communication across all languages.

Why it’s important:

  • It defines how a company talks about its products, services and brand values
  • It prevents inconsistencies and a loss of quality in translations
     

Example:

The German term “Leitung” can be translated in various ways in technical documentation, for example as “line” or “cable”. But it can also be rendered “head” in a business sense to refer to the person in charge of a department.
This person is responsible for the overall management, organisation and daily operations of the department under their control, acting as the primary bridge between their own team and upper management.

Centralised terminology management for AI translations ensures that the same, brand-compliant translation is always used.
 

Why terminology is crucial in the translation process

A lack of systematically managed terminology can lead to the following problems:

  • Inconsistent translations of the same term
  • Increased effort required for corrections
  • Increasing costs for multilingual content
  • Inconsistent brand communication
  • Misunderstandings among customers or users
     

Key message:

Consistent terminology management is crucial for ensuring quality, efficiency and brand identity in translations.
 

Why terminology is becoming even more important in the age of AI

LLMs and generative AI programs enable rapid translations, but they are not familiar with company-specific terminology.

  • Without clearly defined terms, inconsistencies arise
  • Quality control and branding may suffer as a result
  • Human expertise remains indispensable
     

Terminology management is essential to ensuring that AI-assisted translations are consistent and brand-compliant.
 

How AI makes terminology work more efficient

AI can support terminology work, but it can’t replace it. Typical applications:

  • AI terminology extraction: Automatic identification of relevant technical terms from texts
  • Establishing terminology databases: Suggestions for synonyms, variants and metadata
  • Terminology checks: Assistance with revision, taking the overall context into account
     

Please note:

Final validation by human experts is always required.
 

The limits of AI in terminology work

LLMs can:

  • “Hallucinate” terms (they can generate plausible but incorrect terms)
  • Overlook customer-specific requirements
  • Put confidential data at risk if it is processed on public systems
     

In summary:

AI supports translators, but it isn’t a replacement for human expertise.
 

Best practices for terminology management in the age of AI

  1. Centralisation: Manage all terms in a central database
  2. Integration: Direct access for translators via CAT tools
  3. AI as an assistant: Assistance with research, data extraction and verification; final validation by humans
  4. Security-conscious: Process sensitive data only in systems that comply with data protection regulations
  5. Regular updates: Continuously adapt terminology to new products, markets or guidelines
     

Pro tip:

This approach ensures that translations are consistent, efficient and brand-compliant – regardless of the technology used.
 

Terminology as strategic corporate knowledge

Terminology is a company’s linguistic memory. It ensures that both man and machine speak the same language, builds trust, reduces errors and safeguards the quality of multilingual content.

Key message:

Companies that systematically maintain terminology and use it with the assistance of AI increase efficiency, consistency and brand value.
 

Frequently asked questions about terminology management and AI

What is the difference between a glossary and a terminology database?
→ A glossary is static. A terminology database is dynamic, centrally managed and directly integrated into the translation workflow.

Can AI generate terminology automatically?
→ AI can provide suggestions, generate synonyms and supply metadata, but it does not replace human validation.

Why is terminology crucial in LLM translations?
→ LLMs operate on a statistical basis, not in compliance with brand guidelines. Without standardised terminology, inconsistencies arise and quality suffers.


 

Conclusion

Terminology management is more important than ever in the age of AI. Used correctly, it combines human expertise with AI assistance, ensures consistency, achieves a coherent brand identity, and makes translation processes more efficient.

What next? Contact us to have your terminology professionally established, consistently maintained, and optimised with the assistance of AI.

STAR exhibiting at Quanos Connect 2026

Posted on: April 30th, 2026 by Frank Wöhrle No Comments

Quanos Connect will take place for the fifth time in Nuremberg on 19th and 20th May.

This major industry event brings together perspectives from technical documentation and after-sales & service, with a focus on practical solutions, cloud technologies, AI-powered workflows, and automated processes.

STAR Deutschland will be there as an exhibitor—stop by Booth 31: Our Business Development Manager Hans-Jürgen Waurischk and our Team Leader Technical Content Services René Feuchtinger look forward to talking with you!

Shaping the Future – From a Technical Communication Perspective

With our comprehensive expertise in Schema ST 4, DITA, MadCap Flare, XML, HTML5, Adobe FrameMaker, and numerous other file formats, we understand the challenges of modern content creation and management. Quanos Connect offers us, as specialists, a unique opportunity to discuss the future of technical communication and explore practical solutions for the following areas:

  • Intelligent content architectures: How standardized formats like Schema ST 4 lay the foundation for scalable and reusable content
  • AI-powered content creation: From the automatic generation of technical texts to intelligent image descriptions
  • Cross-media publishing: Efficient delivery of content across various channels and formats
  • Localisation strategies: How modern workflows accelerate translation and adaptation for international markets

STAR – Your Partner for Innovative Technical Solutions

As an experienced service provider in the field of technical documentation and localisation, we know how important it is to engage with industry specialists.

Take this opportunity to learn about current trends and future developments, and let our experts at Booth 31 advise you on how we can make your technical communication future-proof:

  • Building content architectures in accordance with Schema ST 4 and international standards
  • Integration of AI tools into existing workflows to increase efficiency
  • Optimization of localisation processes through terminology management and CAT tools
  • Automation of publication processes for multi-channel delivery
 

Drop by our booth!
We look forward to a stimulating exchange and new ideas for our collaboration!

40 years of STAR Deutschland: In conversation with the company founder

Posted on: March 26th, 2026 by Frank Wöhrle No Comments

A 40-year company history in the language services sector is a small eternity in our fast-paced industry – and yet it feels as though it has all flown by. In this interview, our company founder Manfred Hoelzgen looks back on a career that has seen a radical evolution of the industry, from typewriters to AI-assisted workflows – and explains why curiosity and a passion for technology are still our greatest driving forces to this day.

From freelance translator to language service provider

When our founder talks about his early days in the industry, it soon becomes clear that it wasn’t a corporate strategy that started it all, but a heartfelt passion for translation. He worked as a freelance translator for more than a decade before taking the plunge in 1986 and setting up his own business together with colleagues from STAR AG, which is based in Switzerland. The idea was clear: professional, specialised IT translations for major technology clients – using in-house, permanently employed translators.

At the time, this was a gap in the market: IT was complex, documentation was extensive, and quality output in the target language was becoming increasingly critical for businesses. Anyone who has ever localised a mainframe or software release involving hundreds of pages of documentation knows just how much attention to detail and consistency is required. Added to this was a vision that is still part of our DNA today: to view language processes not merely as a service, but as an integral part of our clients’ product development.

Think globally, deliver locally

Right from the very beginning, internationalisation played a key role. Instead of relying solely on external supply chains, the company was able to utilise the teams that had since been established in the STAR Group’s offices around the world in the target-language countries. His conviction was that in-country specialist translators, who have been trained in-house and work closely with the project teams, could be relied upon to handle even the most challenging languages.

The STAR Group’s international approach was both unorthodox and technologically challenging. Setting up companies in countries with a completely different infrastructure, different regulations and a different business culture was, at the time, anything but straightforward. But the long-term benefit was clear: stable processes, direct communication and a profound understanding of local markets. The foundations for managing complex multilingual projects seamlessly and efficiently were laid early on.

The phone call that changed everything

An episode from the early years of the business illustrates just how much the relationship between clients and language service providers has changed. Around the year 2000, a buyer from a large company made a comment that you rarely hear these days: “I’d love to see what you’re doing there.”

What followed was a meticulously planned on-site presentation: real-life projects on the desks, carefully considered answers to hypothetical questions, a tour of the production facilities. At the end of the visit, he uttered the momentous words, “I’d like to work with you.” That marked the start of a long-standing partnership – no tenders, no bids.

Nowadays, many purchasing processes are conducted via international tenders, online portals and bids. Face-to-face conversations are being replaced by KPIs, prices and SLAs. This anecdote reminds us of the importance of genuine quality, transparency and trust – even in a world where procurement processes have become highly formalised.

From a 10 MB hard drive to AI-assisted workflows

The technological advances witnessed by our company’s founder are simply astonishing. When the company took delivery of its first PCs, the hard drive had just 10 megabytes of memory. Nowadays, of course, we’re in the realm of several terabytes, cloud infrastructures and distributed systems. That’s more than just a number – it forms the basis for how we think about language processes today.

In the early days we worked with the hardware and software that our customers used. This meant Olivetti floppy disk typewriters, specialised word processing systems or proprietary text editors – each with their own specific workflows and file formats. To ensure that language projects could still run efficiently, the company needed IT-literate staff who were equally proficient in both technology and language. It is precisely this intertwined skill that continues to shape our work to this day.

How change macros became translation memory

One particularly intriguing aspect of this story is the development of translation memory technology. In large IT projects, the very same phrases kept cropping up time and again. Instead of retyping everything from scratch every time, the team began to make creative use of the features in a developer editor tool: Find-and-Replace commands were combined into macros, saved on floppy disks and used as a primitive – but highly effective – form of pretranslation.

This pragmatic solution gave rise to the idea of developing STAR’s own translation memory system, which does not rely on complex databases but instead works with easy-to-manage language pairs. This clever system was soon christened “Translate it” – or “Transit” for short. What began as an innovation for internal processes is now an integral part of professional translation workflows and, after decades of continuous development, is still in active use.

A new business model for multilingual projects

The introduction of translation memory brought about changes not only in technology but also in the business model. Focusing on a single language combination and just one major client was no longer sufficient as the landscape of both markets and technologies changed significantly around the turn of the millennium. IT manufacturers had to become more agile, product cycles became shorter, and documentation in English alone was no longer sufficient for many countries.

The growing demand for documentation in local languages presented a host of new opportunities. Thanks to the STAR Group’s international structure and highly IT-driven process landscape, STAR Deutschland was able to offer multilingual projects that often overwhelmed more traditional organisations. Translators became project managers capable of handling complex, multi-stage localisation processes – including terminology work, quality assurance and technology integration. The crucial point here is that this transformation was achieved without losing a single member of staff. Quite the opposite, in fact – at this intersection of language and technology emerged new and exciting job opportunities.

Ever faster – but never compromising on quality

Despite all the transformation the industry has undergone, certain aspects have changed very little: price pressure and rising expectations being chief among them. Whilst regular price adjustments are the norm in many sectors, the reality in the translation industry is often quite different. Improving efficiency is the key factor in balancing quality and cost-effectiveness.

From the adoption of PCs, to translation memory, right through to automated QA checks – every new tool ultimately served a single purpose: to process a greater volume of text in less time without compromising accuracy or terminological consistency. Anyone who has been in the business for decades knows that technology is not an end in itself, but must provide tangible support to the people who are a part of the process.

The Eureka moment with AI

Our founder experienced one such moment in late 2017, when he tested a modern AI translation tool in a live environment for the first time. He was surprised by the quality of the suggestions – and it soon became clear that a new tool was emerging, one that could meaningfully complement professional translation.

Today, the combination of translation memory and AI-powered engines is employed as standard in many projects. AI can suggest synonyms, check terminology and provide alternative phrasing at the touch of a button. For translators, this means that they’re occasionally slowed down by having to check suggestions, but they gain in terms of quality and consistency, which quickly pays off across the project as a whole.

Why man won’t be replaced by machine

Despite his enthusiasm, on one point Manfred Hoelzgen is resolute: AI translation is a powerful tool, but it is no substitute for professional language experts – particularly when it comes to specialist technical documentation and marketing texts. AI reaches its limits when it comes to fully accurate content, complex specialist knowledge, cultural sensitivity or creative adaptation.

Technical documentation requires a thorough understanding of functions, processes and risks. While helpful, a terminology database isn’t enough on its own. Context, target audience, legal implications – all of these need to be assessed by a human. This is even more evident in marketing-oriented content where irony, puns, cultural references and brand voice cannot be reduced to ‘calculations’. In such cases, it’s up to the human translator to decide which phrasing really works in the target language.

Looking ahead: Internationalisation with AI

What does the future hold for language services? Given that it took nearly two decades for translation memory technology to achieve a breakthrough, it is clear that AI-assisted language processes will continue to evolve and pave the way for new scenarios that we can only dream about today. The crucial factor will be the level of quality customers expect – from “print-ready and perfected” to “fast and good enough” for spontaneous communication.

For professional language service providers such as STAR, this presents an exciting challenge when it comes to designing processes that incorporate the very latest MT and AI technology without compromising on security, consistency or brand impact. This is precisely the realm in which STAR Deutschland finds itself today: as a partner for companies looking to professionally internationalise their products and content – with a strong network of offices, experienced teams and a clear commitment to quality.

“Never rest – keep pushing ahead”

If you ask Mr Hoelzgen for his personal take on over five decades in the industry, his answer is brief – yet it fits perfectly with the times: Never rest on your laurels, but always strive to be at the forefront of progress.

This approach has shaped our history – from the typewriter to the AI engine – and will continue to guide our language processes, translations and technical writing in the years to come.

 

This article is based on an interview with Mr Manfred Hoelzgen, who founded the company STAR Deutschland in 1986 and served on the management board until 2017. We would like to express our heartfelt thanks to him for his fascinating insights and authentic narrative.